Sermons

The Great Compliment: you are the salt of the earth! Matthew 5: 13 – 20 I am proud of this church. You have a reputation for being friendly, generous in spirit and welcoming. Last week a number of the folk from the U3A art exhibition spoke of your welcoming and generous spirit. The exhibition seems to have been a success. Your response to those who exhibited added flavour to the occasion, thank God for that and God bless you. Jesus paid his followers a great compliment naming them the ‘salt of the earth’. He paid us (you) a great compliment, as ‘we are the salt of the earth’.  In the ancient world salt was highly valued. From time to time salt has been used as a form of currency. The word salary (salarium) comes from Latin word for salt (sal).  The Romans had a little jingle, Nil utilius sole et sale  – “there is nothing more useful than sun and salt”.  Salt was valued for its preserving, purifying and flavouring capacities. Salt is composed of sodium and chlorine.  It is essential to our health; body cells must have salt in order to live and work. It is a purifier; it has antiseptic or germ-killing properties. It is a preservative. It adds flavour to many foods. And it is estimated that there are more than fourteen thousand uses for salt. Salt is a purifier. No doubt its glistening whiteness has encouraged such a connection.   According to historians, salt at one time had religious significance and was a symbol of purity.  The association of salt with purity leads to the ability of salt to make things pure.  Salt cleanses and heals. We use salt solutions to cleanse wounds. Saline solutions are used in swimming pools. Salt has antiseptic and germ-killing qualities. Jesus gave his followers this cleansing and healing role. We are to have an ‘antiseptic’ role in the world. The act of loving our neighbour is partly a cleansing and germ-killing exercise. Love is the ‘antiseptic’ that kills hate and the purifier of untruth. That is what Christian love achieves: the destruction of hate and the restorer of truth. Salt is a preservative.  In a time when there was no refrigeration, canning or freeze-drying, salt was used to conserve food. Salt continues the life of foods well beyond their normal use by date. No wonder it was so highly prized. No wonder it, in certain periods of history, had a currency alongside that of precious metals. It would be better at times to have salt in your hand than gold.  To liken Christ’s followers to salt is to say that they act as a preservative in society. The implications are that Christians will conserve what is good, maintain what is good and sustain what is good. The Christians’ witness in word and deed today builds a foundation for the future. We know that it is easier in some company to do good than in other company and visa versa. We know that values and beliefs are such that certain things are either permitted or not.  Salt adds flavour:  Its absence weakens and limits our health. Its presence adds value and flavour to our living.  Food without salt can be bland. An appropriate amount of salt enhances the flavour. We don’t add salt to taste salt; we add salt to enhance taste. We know that salt melts ice.  Christ-like love melts human icy-ness between people bringing reconciliation.  Unfortunately Christianity has been a depressor of joy at times.  Oliver Wendell Holmes once said, “I might have entered the ministry if certain clergymen I knew had not looked and acted so much like undertakers.”  Robert Louis Stevenson once entered in his diary, as if he was recording an extraordinary phenomenon, “I have been to Church today and I am not depressed”. The Church has been at the cutting edge of care for the sick and compassion for the poor adding hope and comfort to those in need. The church has been the main purveyor of music in the Western world for many centuries.  The Bible resounds with music and song in praise of God.  Scholars note that the mark of the first Christians was their joy – a joy that let them face persecution with love, hope and joy. Paul wrote and commended the Colossian Christians for their faith, love and hope. [Col 1: 3-5] A thankful person adds sunshine to the conversation and Christians are to be thankful and full of praise in all circumstances [1 Thess 5:18]. In so being Christians add positive flavour to life. Salt is a sign of Friendship.  Among some peoples, salt is still used as a sign of honor, friendship and hospitality. The Arabs say ‘there is salt between us,’ meaning ‘we have eaten together, and are friends’ (The World Book Encyclopedia, 1978, 17:69).  This notion of salt as the seal and sign of friendship and agreement is expressed at a number of points in Scripture.  There are more than thirty-five references to salt in the scriptures. The Old Testament mentions covenants sealed with salt. You shall not omit from your grain offerings the salt of the covenant with your God; with all your offerings you shall offer salt. [Lev 2:13] All the holy offerings that the Israelites present to the LORD I have given to you (the priests), together with your sons and daughters, as a perpetual due; it is a covenant of salt forever before the LORD for you and your descendants as well.  [Numbers 18: 19] Do you not know that the LORD God of Israel gave the kingship over Israel forever to David and his sons by a covenant of salt? 2 Chron 13:5] Jesus’ great compliment plays an important part in his revolutionary message. Jesus introduced a revolution in religion. When Jesus goes on to talk about his followers being light in the world and that our lives should be superior to the behaviour of the Scribes and Pharisees, he is

Humanity’s Rescue:  Creation 4. Genesis 6: 5 – 8, 11 – 14a, 7: 1 – 5, 8: 1 – 12, 20 -22, 9: 8 – 17 This world needs people of faith to save it from self-harm. The story of Noah and the great Flood is not a unique story. We have learnt that there is a common story about a great flood that happened long, long ago in many people’s mythologies. There is also geological evidence of a great flood or floods around the world. Ancient peoples tried to make sense of the Flood and interpreted the events through the lens of their belief system. When the Hebrew people were taken to Babylon in 586 BC they were confronted by stories of a great Flood and the Babylonian interpretation of that Flood. Whether the Hebrew people already had their account of the great Flood or not they reacted to what they heard. Scholars believe that the current Biblical account of the Flood and Ark are a result of Hebrew theologians responding to a wider set of questions about the violent degeneration of humankind. This violence did not correspond to their belief that God had created a good world. Their response is unique and in accordance with their belief and experience in one God the Creator. Today I wish to show how this story of a cataclysmic flood addresses the human condition of sin and God’s response. The story of Noah and the Flood goes like this. God decided to punish the earth with a great flood because people were so wicked. But there was one person God trusted. So God told that person to build a large boat and that he and his family plus two of each kind of creature were to get on the boat when it started to rain. When the flood subsided all in the boat were saved and life began again. But after the flood humanity’s relationship with God and all creatures was different. Of course we love to tell this story to children as it provides such a visual picture. There’s Noah, the huge wooden ark and all the animals. Finally there is the rainbow showing that God was working with us again.   The unavoidable process of telling this story to children reduces it to a simplistic and an absurd story leaving more questions than answers. The main themes of the story in Genesis 6 through to 9 are the depth of humanity’s wickedness, God’s resulting anger and resolve to destroy everything, followed finally with God’s change of mind and new implications for creation. Humanity’s Wickedness. After the last sermon someone said to me that I had painted a picture of all humanity being sinful. Yes I had. The rebellion or disobedience represented by the man and the woman in the Garden of Eden leaves us in no doubt that all of us are sinners. By that I mean we have broken our connection with God and creation by asserting our own will. The letter to the Romans makes it quite clear that we have all fallen short of the glory of God [Rom 3: 23]. This means that we need God to rescue us from our self-wills and destructive ways that cause so much sadness and strife in the world. It means that we can never take our eyes off Christ Jesus, the one who is the true image of God; otherwise we slip into our destructive human ways. This is a profound truth we ignore at our peril. My reading of history tells me that there are times when humans fall into a way of being that hideously violates and destroys others.  What is strange in such histories is that a few lead the way and the rest of the group or nation quietly let it happen. Some even pretend that they don’t know that it happened. History shows that a cultured, intelligent and educated people have the capacity to be entirely evil. I recall listening to one of our past prime ministers telling us how he and a friend were reminiscing about their fathers. The story went that one of the fathers had got up from Sunday lunch on the farm and said to the other, ‘Let’s go hunting.’  Hunting they went and at the end of the day they returned saying they had got one or two.  They weren’t talking about kangaroos or birds. They were talking about black fellas! These men were pillars of the community. They produced fine sons.  At least one of the sons was outstanding. Let us not pretend that that was not part of the Australian scene. The reality is that our silence on evil is tantamount to agreement with it. Having spent much of the day walking around Buchenwald concentration camp near the town of Weimar, Germany, I recall the black and white film of the allied forces liberation of Buchenwald.  Buchenwald was a Nazi concentration camp for murderers, communists, gypsies, homosexuals and Jews. It was not too bad a place. That’s if you measure badness on the number of deaths in that camp.  Only 80,000 inmates were murdered and burnt there from 1936 – 45. Interesting to note that 58,000 were killed in the last 12 months of the war. You don’t have to dig deep to see that in this beautiful German forest was a hideous place of fear, hatred and death. It was conducted by a highly intelligent and deeply cultured people. The liberating commander witnessed the horrific sight of the surviving inmates of Buchenwald and immediately sent soldiers to fetch the town folk of Weimar. They were shown the camp and its horrors. Many Weimar citizens pretended they did not know about it. But how could they not know? Weimar was so close to Buchenwald camp that the stench of burning flesh could not be mistaken. Our greatest sin may not be what we have done, but what we have failed to do. That is why we need

Humanity’s Renouncement:  Creation 3. Genesis 3: 1 – 24  I changed the title of this sermon to ‘humanity’s renouncement’.  I thought it served the topic of Genesis chapter 3 far better than ‘restoring humanity’ as previously advertised. What does Genesis 3 say to us? In the old language and traditional theology it’s the story of the ‘Fall of Man (sic)’. It is the story how a man and a woman fell out of favour with God by asserting their wills against God’s. It was an act of disobedience. It’s what we call ‘sin’. This ancient Hebrew story about the origin of humankind and ‘sin’ is frustrating and simultaneously insightful. First of all I am frustrated how the snake appears as the crafty animal when I would give that appellation to a monkey or fox. Why the poor snake? It is harmless. It spends most of its time sleeping. If it hears us it slither away. If it does strike us its because we have surprised it. That’s why the canny bushwalker will be careful where s/he walks and simultaneously make a noise. The likelihood is that the first walker will not be attacked but the second, because the first walker disturbs the snake. So why the snake? Is it because we are frightened of a creature that slithers and slides silently and carries within it a poison that could kill us?  The second problem with this text is the role of the woman. Clearly she is the cause of every ill of humankind. I won’t go there except to say it seems that a man confused by the mystery and power of a woman wrote this interpretation. Thirdly, God’s rule about a tree in the centre of the Garden seems absurd. Rather silly isn’t it.  There is enough to dismiss this story.  Clearly I don’t take it literally. However these three objections I raise are minor points to the story. The germ of this story lies in the relationship between God and humans.  The Bible is about relationships and in particular ours with God and how that affects others.  The interpretation and insight I will offer to you is supported by the stories that follow Genesis chapter 3 – the stories of Cain and Abel, Noah and the tower of Babel.  Each one of those stories is about our relationship with God and God’s with us. Genesis 3 tells us something very important. The story uses traditional images. The slithering snake represents slyness and sneakiness. The tree is a rich metaphor for life, family relationships, or other things that are explained by a root and branch system.  The tree in the Garden of Eden represents life and knowledge in god-like proportions.  In Genesis 2 verse 9 we read that the LORD God made to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for food, the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. And a few verses later humans are told not to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good … , for they (you) shall die. [Gen 2:17] This story is to be taken for its message not its detail. The plain meaning of this story is the Word of God. This story is full of imagery. What happens is that this man and woman, representing humanity, decide to know about life and death, good and evil.  They choose to go against the wisdom of God, and in doing so they become aware of themselves.  They see their nakedness, they uncover their fears, they unlock their jealousies and close the gates to a life of harmony with nature and God. The man and woman cover their bodies as they recognise the nakedness of their fears and jealousies. They must cover themselves. That is, they must not let people see their true self with its fears and insecurities. This means they are alienated from their very selves. You know we are like that. We have our masks and pretences that hide the real self not only from others but also from ourselves. Then the man and the woman hide behind trees so God cannot see them! Yes, we too have our ways of running away and hiding from God.  Ours are a tad more sophisticated. Some of us are very clever and hide behind our knowledge, always keeping the question going with more thinking so we don’t have to act. We’re still working it out. Our intellectual rumination justifies our inaction. We hide from God by never stopping to think about God. Our busyness is the excuse for our lack of commitment to God.  Or we hide from God by our organisation. Our well organised services and controlled liturgies ensure that we remain in control. Of course our pretence of nice social behaviour helps protect us from the prying prompts of the Holy Spirit. Our alienation as humans is most evident in our putting the blame on others.  All this is symbolised in the man and woman sewing fig leaves to hide their nakedness, their hiding from God in the forest and when confronted by God the man blaming the woman and the woman the snake. Oh, what a common human scene. The man says to God,  “The woman whom you gave to be with me, she gave me fruit from the tree, and I ate.”   The woman replies, “The serpent tricked me, and I ate.”  [Gen 3: 12,13] I love the man’s response for it implies that it is really God’s fault for giving him the woman!  Do you see that in these actions and exchanges we see humanity’s deep seated alienation – our separation from God and others.  No wonder when we reject God we end up as alienated people fearing and fighting each other. Read or listen to the media through this lens and you will see Genesis 3 re-lived. This is an alienated world. ‘The Asians are taking

Humanity’s Responsibility:  Creation 2. Genesis 1: 26 –31; 2: 4 – 25  (Psalm 121) Created in the image of God carries two responsibilities. Something happened at last Monday’s Taizé service.  We came to our time of meditation. We had read Psalm 121 and had received a short reflection on the psalm.  I began to meditate noting the time as I usually do. As leader I manage the 8 – 10 minutes of silence. What happened next was that I was caught up in Psalm 121 where the psalmist highlights that God who cares for us God the creator of the world.  My mind instantly turned to being created in the image of God.  I saw that God was all-sufficient for our needs. These weren’t new thoughts. I have taught and preached these truths for years, but at that moment the truth of being made in God’s image was irrevocable. I was God’s creation and God was all-sufficient. This knowledge has been strongly with me this week. You see I have been a little anxious of late. I don’t know what the best word is to describe how I have been feeling, but anxious is sufficient for the moment.  In Monday’s meditation I was convicted of God’s sufficiency for me.  Now there is another side to this little epiphany I had. I came back to my surroundings got up and lit a taper and prayed. Normally we sing O Lord hear my prayer after lighting a taper. The pianist was a bit slow. I looked at the pianist – she shall remain nameless – and I struggled to get her to lead us in song. I was getting that look. Unbeknown to me I had truncated our usual 8-10 minutes time of silence to 1 minute.  It took a good few minutes of the service before I realised what had happened.  I had been completely lost with the Holy Spirit for a few seconds. I tell this story for two reasons. At one level it reminds us that we can knowing about God is not the same as knowing God.  We can know the things of God and yet not allow the Spirit to weave them into the fabric of our lives. That blessing came to me last week. I can just thank God for it. The other lesson for me is the recognition of what it means to be in the image of God. To bear the image of God means we are close to God. In being close to God the light of God’s love strikes us and reflects off our lives. When light, heat or sound strike a surface they are cast back, unless that surface the light strikes is dull, rough or absorbent. When light falls on an object the object is lit up and reflects the light. Sometimes the reflection is a likeness and an image. This physical law has much to teach us spiritually.  Reflection depends upon the quality of the surface. A bright, smooth and even surface will produce a clearer reflection. Correspondingly an uneven, dull and absorbing surface will reflect poorly.  The other thing to remember is that an object that reflects no light cannot be seen.  Now transfer these general laws of reflection to our relationships.  If we don’t reflect the affection of others, if we don’t reflect or return their conversation, we won’t be seen. There is a difference between seeing a person so not to stumble over them, and seeing a person to engage with them.  The reality is if we reflect the attention we receive from others then we will become healthy social beings. If our surface of our lives absorbs all attention and holds on to what comes our way and does not return the social interchange, then we will have a very limited set of relationships. All this of course applies to our relationship with God. If we simply don’t reflect the rays of love that come from God then we will not be.  If we simply absorb God’s blessing and do not reflect that blessing then we will have no relationship with God or with God’s people. At best we will have a very limited relationship. So it is important that we keep the ‘surface’ of our lives clean, smooth and reflective so that we reflect the image of God, are seen and are a blessing to others. God’s love will light us up when our ‘surface’ – our life – welcomes God’s light and reflects it.  Our first responsibility as humans is to do our part in preparing ourselves to be present in the presence of God.   Our first responsibility is to nurture our relationship with God. In some sense my experience last Monday night is an example of preparing oneself to receive and reflect God’s light. Although I was leading that service I was also entering into it and opening myself to the possibility of God healing me. The second responsibility we humans have is to care for creation. The two Creation Stories in Genesis make that abundantly clear.  The words dominion, subdue, till and keep the earth along with naming the creatures of the earth tell us so.  Now the Bible uses words and concepts that do not resonate with us. We live in a democracy and Biblical writers lived with rulers. The Bible uses the concepts that relate to a king’s rule. However they understood that a king had the responsibility to ensure peace, prosperity and blessing for his subjects. Of course there were and are bad selfish rulers as also with democratic leaders, but the assumption in the text is that the ruler will create well-being for the people. So it is easy to understand that our God-given responsibility is to be stewards of the earth. This becomes clearer when we reflect on humankind’s dominion, subduing and naming of the animals and plants. Our relationship with animals provides a helpful example of what this might mean. In thinking about this

Receiving humanity? – Genesis 1. Genesis 1:1 – 2: 3  (Psalm 8) The Image of God defines humanness! What is humanity? The 18th Century English poet, Alexander Pope, wrote; ‘To err is human, to forgive, divine.’  Pope is the second most quoted English writer after Shakespeare.  Was he right in saying that to err is human?  We commonly talk like that. We describe our failings as displaying our human nature. The saying, ‘I’m only human!’ is not uncommon. But are we correct with this common definition of being human? More importantly what does the Bible say, or more precisely what do the early followers of God say? Or should we say, ‘What did God say?’ The Bible says that God spoke saying, Let there be light and so began Creation with God’s spoken Word. There is insufficient time to provide a detailed explanation of the Creation stories in the Bible. However we can note that the creation stories tell us two fundamental things:  God created everything and humankind was special. Genesis tells us why God created us, what our task is and how well humankind responded. I essentially read the Scriptures as God’s revelation given through humans to us. That means I don’t take it literally, but I do take it very, very seriously as a statement of truth for us. The essential truth about humanity is that God created us in God’s image. God says in Genesis 1, “Let us make humankind in our image, according to our likeness … .”   So God created humankind in his image, in the image of God he created them male and female he created them. [Gen 1: 26,27]  The words, image and likeness are complementary words reinforcing the sense that we are meant to represent God’s likeness in our living. I want to focus this morning on humankind bearing the image of God. The lens through which we read this Biblical statement will lead to different interpretations. People in Western society, like us, generally read this story through the lens of Western culture’s understanding of identity. We define ourselves as autonomous, freethinking, self-made persons making individual commitments to life. We would say, ‘I am who I am’. On the other hand there are cultures, which are more community minded and see their identity in relation to their community and its people. In the West the individual is valued above the community and in other parts of the world the community is valued above the individual. So Westerners read Genesis and claim that the image of God is in the individual, and other cultures would understand the image to be in the group. Community played a far more important role in the Bible than it does in our Western culture. The Bible speaks of people being part of a community and in particular the community of God. What is important is the well-being of the community and where the well-being is good so is the individual healthy. The Bible speaks about the person being known by their fruits. In other words the value and authenticity of a person is revealed in how they conduct their lives in relation to other people. In our Western culture we speak of the interior life as the authentic person. The Bible would describe the authentic person as one who lives justly with others and cares for the whole group. Therefore the image of God is borne by the people. So the first issue we must think about is, how do we understand what it means to be human? Is being human being an autonomous individual claiming our own freedom and creativity; or is being human about how we live together in the community? This is a challenge for us Westerners. Does individuality or community inform our identity?  Autonomous individuality will lead to a higher degree of selfishness and community will lead to a higher degree of communal responsibility. I am not going to comment on our society today. However you might like to reflect on that with others. The second thing to consider is what we understand by the word ‘image’.  The word image is familiar to us today, but it is used so widely that the meaning has lost its sharpness. Image no longer assumes a likeness to the real or genuine thing. Today, a politician hires an image-maker; a job applicant dresses to create an image; and, a corporation seeks the right image through manipulation of the media. In these instances, image has come to mean the illusion of what something really is. In our desire to achieve a good image we end up distorting the essence of what is presented to achieve the end we desire. Dr Paul Brand, the orthopaedic surgeon who pioneered a new approach to treating leprosy in India, says that when he gazes at a nerve cell through a scanning electron microscope, he studies the image. He does not look at the neuron itself – it’s too small for that – but looks for a re-assembled image that faithfully reproduces the cell for him to see. In this instance the image enhances rather than distorts the essence of the cell. Similarly, photographers use the word image to describe their finished product. The photographer’s captured image of an object flattened out on paper or a screen may not fully express that object, but in the hands of a good photographer the essence is captured of the object or person. So what is the image of God? Firstly we must say we want to see something that represents the essence of the being of God. We certainly cannot look like God in a physical sense, for God is invisible to the human eye.  Human understanding of the image of God has changed with our culture’s emphasis or value system. For example, the Enlightenment period understood the image of God to be reflected in the human ability to reason. Pietism identified it as the spiritual faculty in humans, Victorians located it in

People Matter: Colossians 5. Acts 19:21- 29, 35 – 20: 4 and 15:36-41;  Colossians 4:2 – 18 People matter. They always do regardless of the organisation or business. People make things work. People make the difference in life. People must come first – their well-being and their gifting. Without healthy maturity and invigorated gifts the community will flounder. One cannot read Paul’s letters and not get that people matter. This final chapter in this letter to the Colossian Christians is all about people. Ten names are mentioned and some instructions for prayer. These apparently simple greetings carry a rich story. These ten names tell the personal story, the partnerships and the different contributions that form part of the fabric of the Church. Without them there is no Church. It is not unlike our church – your church. The back story of this church is about the faithful lives of people. This farewell section begins with an instruction to devote oneself to prayer, being alert and thankful. [4:2] The focus of prayer is quite clear. They are to pray for their ministers, who are praying for them. They are to pray that God will open doors, because the Gospel cannot grow without God acting first.  The whole purpose of the church’s work is to make clear what God is doing in the life, teaching, death and resurrection of Jesus the Christ. If this is the reason for the church’s existence then it follows they the believer must work at being thoughtful, gracious and ready to explain their faith. [4:2-6]  Let us hear these words of Paul again. Devote yourselves to prayer, keeping alert in it with thanksgiving. At the same time pray for us as well that God will open to us a door for the word, that we may declare the mystery of Christ, for which I am in prison, so that I may reveal it clearly, as I should. Conduct yourselves wisely toward outsiders, making the most of the time.  6 Let your speech always be gracious, seasoned with salt, so that you may know how you ought to answer everyone. [4: 2-6]  In this final instruction and encouragement to these young Christians at Colossae Paul reminds us of the important truths of prayer, dependence upon God, the partnership we have with each other and God and the responsibility to make it happen. We must not forget that evangelism is to Church growth as oxygen is to fire. Without oxygen the fire dies and without evangelism the Church dies. Let the membership of Leighmoor reflect on the teaching of this letter.  How much time do we give to prayer? Do we pray that others might come into a loving and transforming relationship with Christ Jesus? (Or, do we pray more for our own needs?  Where lies the emphasis in our prayers? ) Do we think about making the Christian message clear? Is our church life more about what we can get than what we can give? I know I fail on these points. I know that without a focus on what we should be doing we will simply go backwards. Remember our mission statement that we have agreed to in council and in our silence.  Helping People into a Living Relationship with Jesus Christ. How much time do we give to preparing ourselves for our conversations with others. Let us ponder this for a moment. Someone has raised in your group or family or friends – some point about Christianity. Do you remain silent? Or do you say I don’t know. Or do you agree with their cynical analysis of the church. What do you say?  You might not be able to respond the first time, but have you ever gone away and reflected on that conversation and thought about how you would respond more positively. Reflect upon those conversations and questions and begin to develop some thoughtful responses. When people tell me how bad the church is I often agree with them.  Often the best way to address these questions is to make an ‘I statement’; i.e. this is what you believe.  My usual response runs like this.  “I know the church and I can tell you how messy it is, but I’m in it because the message and messenger is so great I couldn’t live without the meaningfulness and Christ in my life.” The writings of Paul have presented some significant metaphors for the Church and not least the notion of the Church being like a human body, where each part works together to make the whole and each part is as important as the other. 1 Corinthians 12 provides us with this metaphor. In these final sentences of the Colossian letter ten people are mentioned witnessing to the network of relationships that go to make up the Church and God’s mission. Tychicus is a companion of Paul who is entrusted with delivering the letter to the Ephesians. [Eph 6:21]  He is described as a beloved brother and a faithful minister of Christ’s. But most interesting is that Tychicus is entrusted with the task of providing personal news about Paul. To be someone’s ambassador is always a privilege and it speaks of an intimate relationship. Onesimus, the runaway slave, is a member of the congregation at Colossae! We can read all about Onesimus in Paul’s letter to Philemon the slave owner of Onesimus. Paul refers to Onesimus as a faithful and beloved brother, who is one of you, not as a slave [4:9]. That speaks volumes about Paul’s theology and God’s grace. The three Jewish men are mentioned, Aristarchus, Mark (the writer of the Gospel according to Mark) and Jesus Justus.  Aristarchus shared the dangers and the deprivations of being a co-worker with Paul.  In Ephesus an angry mob attacked Paul, Aristarchus and Gaius. [Acts 19:29]. When Paul was imprisoned and taken to Rome Aristarchus went as his personal servant [Acts 29:2]. Aristarchus was a loyal friend and companion to Paul and suffered with Paul. The